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Materials

chalk
vinegar
glass

Procedure

• Fill a glass one-quarter full with vinegar.
• Add a piece of chalk to the glass.

Results

Bubbles start rising from the chalk. Small pieces start to break off, and finally the chalk totally breaks
apart.

Why?

Vinegar is an acid and acids slowly react chemically with the chalk. The piece of chalk is made of
limestone, a mineral that quickly changes into new substances when touched by an acid. One of the new
substances is the gas seen rising in the vinegar, which is carbon dioxide gas. Acids affect all minerals,
but the change is usually slow. The slow deterioration of statues and building fronts is due to the weak
acid rain that falls on the statue. If the stone is limestone or has limestone in it, the deterioration is more
rapid. Some stones are more resistant to the attack acid.